Flammable Refrigerants in Heat Pumps for Residential and Commercial Buildings

The phase down of high-GWP refrigerants in the mid- and long-terms requires trade-offs between GWP and flammability. Efforts are being made to pursue natural refrigerants such as propane (R290) in residential applications (e.g., mini-split systems) especially in Europe and Asia, but in the U.S. there are still several barriers to be overcome to adopt mildly- […]

Techno-economic and Climate-based Evaluations of Advanced Heat Pumping and Water Heating Technologies

Low-GWP refrigerants and advanced heat pumps are gaining attention to replace or integrate existing heat pumping and water heating technologies while meeting electrification and decarbonization targets. Assessing new equipment requires realistic building loads, climate conditions, utility rates and operating costs among other aspects. This lecture will present a systematic methodology to compare conventional heat pumping […]